Exploring the concept of castability in magnesium die-castin

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Exploring the concept of castability in magnesium die-casting alloys

This paper provides a summary of the recent work completed and history of the measure of manufacturability in the magnesium die-casting industry. The most popular die-casting alloys utilized in this industry are based on the Mg–Al system, including AZ91, AM60 and AM50. These are well-established alloys, and are generally considered to be highly castable. However, the concept of castability in magnesium die-casting is not a well-defined characteristic or quantitative material property. As a result, the author investigates the subject of castability for magnesium die-cast alloys and how it relates to the development of alloys for innovative applications or improved properties. This paper provides a summary of some key findings in literature on the castability of magnesium die-cast alloys, how castability is defined and evaluated, the impact of different alloying elements on the castability of magnesium alloys, and suggestions for future work.Get more news about Magnesium Alloy Casting,you can vist our website!

The use of magnesium alloy products has been increasing over the last several years, offering weight reduction among other opportunities, resulting in increasing consumption and associated supply of magnesium over the last several years. The production of pure magnesium metal in China has increased by 20% from 2015 to 2017 [1], while the consumption has increased 12% over the same time frame. Industry sources further agree that the two primary areas of consumption of magnesium as of 2017 are die-casting of magnesium alloys and aluminum alloying, accounting for over 50% of the consumption [1,2]. The die-casting of magnesium alloys is calculated to account for 36–40% of the use of primary magnesium as of 2017, but this use has increased by 25% from 2015 levels [1], and is anticipated to account for a greater percentage of primary magnesium use by 2027 [2]. The largest sector of magnesium alloy products is the die-casting industry, serving the automotive, aviation and 3C (computers, communication and consumer electronics) industries. Recent high-volume uses of magnesium die-castings introduced to the automotive market have helped facilitate this increase. For example, the Chrysler Pacifica rear liftgate inner casting (Fig. 1) and Jeep Wrangler rear swinggate inner casting (Fig. 2), the Honda Odyssey and Acura RDX steering hanger beams, and the Ford F-series radiator support castings. In 2017 alone, these applications accounted for over 1.5 million vehicles sales in North America [3].

Despite these statistics and forecasts, according to keyword searches performed using the Scopus service [5], peer-reviewed publications focusing on magnesium die-casting technology have decreased over 50% since reaching a high in 2005, as shown in Fig. 3. An alternative investigation of these publications since 2006 by keyword shows that the keyword ‘microstructure’ is found in 30% of these publications, the keyword ‘mechanical properties’ is found in 25%, while the keyword ‘castability’ is found in only 2% of these publications. Considering that the primary magnesium-based use of magnesium metal is die-casting, there is a needed focus on the manufacturing technology, namely die-casting and the ability to cast alloys and components. Consequently, we present an investigation reviewing literature for publications focusing on castability of magnesium die-castings or die-cast alloys, provide a summary of key findings in these studies, review the effects of different alloying elements on the castability of magnesium alloys, and provide suggestions for future works in this area.