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[quote="mehl"][quote="mary"]Was musst du zu dem Thema wissen?...hab grad ein Seminar und ne Vorlesung an der Uni zu sonem Thema gehabt[/quote] also alles was du weisst sag mir das bin dankbar -welche heilkräuter gab es damals? danke ciao :dance: :)[/quote]
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<table border="0" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="1" width="100%" class="forumline"> <tr> <th class="thCornerL" width="22%" height="26">Autor</th> <th class="thCornerR">Nachricht</th> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row1"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>Gast</b></span></td> <td class="row1" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 16. Feb 2006 14:41<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: SPAM</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">SPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPA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MSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPAMSPA</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row2"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>Chlodwig</b></span></td> <td class="row2" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 14. Okt 2005 13:20<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: Hildegard von Bingen und die Medizin</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Hallo, zunächst ein paar Literaturtipps: <br /> <br />- Diers, Michaela, Hildegard von Bingen, München 1998. <br /> <br />- Feldmann, Christian, Hildegard von Bingen. Nonne und Genie, Freibrug/Basel/Wien 1991. <br /> <br />- Kastinger, Riley/ Helene, M., Hildegard von Bingen, Hamburg 1997. <br /> <br />- Kerner, Charlotte, Alle Schönheit des Himmels. Die Lebensgeschichte der Hildegard von Bingen, Weinheim/Basel 1993. <br /> <br />- Schipperges, Heinrich, Hildegard von Bingen, München 1995. <br /> <br />So und hier ein paar Infos: <br /> <br />- von Hildegards natur- und heilkundlichen Schriften sind zwei erhalten: 'Physica' [beschäftigt sich mit der Naturkunde; das Werk zeichnet sich durch genaue Naturbeobachtung und Katalogisierung von Naturerscheinungen aus] und 'Causae et curae' [beschäftigt sich mit der Heilkunde; das Werk geht auf Ursachen und Heilung von Krankheiten aus; es ist eine theologische wie medizinische Schrift, aufgrund ihrer Annahme der Veflechtung des Glaubens und der Natur]; es wird angenommen, dass es sich ursprünglich um eine Schrift gehandelt hat, die im 13. Jahrhundert geteilt wurde --> 'Liber subtilitatum diversarum naturarum creaturarum' (Die feineren Eigenschaften der verschiedenen Naturen der Geschöpfe') <br /> <br />- die Werke enthalten 500 Rezepte, die z. T. zum Bildungsgut in Klöstern gehörte (im Besonderen in Benediktinerklöstern); hinzu kommen noch eigene Beobachtungen, die Hildegard selbst angestellt und ausgewertet hat <br /> <br />- Hildegard steht in der Tradition der Klostermedizin; ihre Rezepte und Beobachtungen gehen vor allen Dingen auf die Säftelehre zurück, die die mittelalterliche Medizin beherrschte (diesbezüglich bedeutete Gesundheit, dass die vier körpereigenen Säfte Blut, Schleim, schwarze und rote Galle mit den vier Grundqualitäten feucht, trocken, heiß und kalt in einem ausgewogenen Verhältnis stehen. Wird das Säfteverhältnis gestört, erkrankt der Mensch. Durch richtige Ernährung und Medikamente wird das Gleichgewicht wieder hergestellt. Für Hildegard ist die Grünkraft ('viriditas'), die in Tieren, Fischen, Luft und Erde enthalten ist, ein besonderer Wirkstoff. <br /> <br />- bei der Heilung gilt das alte Prinzip der Erfahrungsmedizin: Gleiches wird mit Gleichem behandelt (z.B. Gelbsucht --> Auflegung eines gelben Vogels) <br /> <br />- bei einigen Rezepten Hildegards kann man darauf schließen, dass sie auch arabische Quellen kannte (z.B. Anwendung von Quecksilber); jedoch ist diese Theorie nicht bewiesen <br /> <br />- entscheidend ist in ihren Schriften eine elementare Naturverbundenheit und der Glaube, dass alles in wechselseitiger Beziehung zueinander steht (ihre Beobachtungen mischen sich mit Erfahrungen aus Religion, Volksmedizin und Brauchtum) <br /> <br />- sie warnt vor Aderlass; sagt, dass es den Körper schwächt <br /> <br />- sie resümiert, dass jeder für den eigenen Körper verantwortlich ist, woraus sie Wegweiser für ein gutes Leben aufstellt, die an der benediktinischen Regel orientiert sind --> Arzneimittel sollten im MA erst angewandt werden, wenn die dreifache Regel 'Ruhe, Heiterkeit, Mäßigkeit' nicht mehr griff <br /> <br />--> wenn man den Blickwinkel der Theologie nicht mit einbezieht, sind Hildegards Schriften nur Stückwerk <br /> <br />--> durch die Mythen und Legenden, die sich um ihre Person ranken, sind historische Aussagen über Hildegard nur sehr vorsichtig vorzunehmen; ebenso ist es nicht ganz geklärt, ob die Werke komplett von ihr geschrieben wurden <br />(Quelle: Referat) <br /> <br />Grüße, <br /> <br />Chlodwig</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row1"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>GoTo</b></span></td> <td class="row1" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 14. Okt 2005 11:03<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Also einen direkte Kombination aus beiden Themen kann ich dir nicht anbieten, allerdings, eine gute Seite zu Hildegard von Bingen: <br /><a href="http://www.wolfgang-schuhmacher.de/hildegardvonbingenspiritualitaet/bistumhildegard/home.htm" target="_blank">http://www.wolfgang-schuhmacher.de/hildegardvonbingenspiritualitaet/bistumhildegard/home.htm</a></span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row2"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>Gast</b></span></td> <td class="row2" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 12. Okt 2005 13:13<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Ich muss ebenfalls ein historischen aufsatz über dieses thema schreiben, in bezug auf hildegard von bingen.... <br /> <br />ich find einfach so rein gar nichts....also nichts,mit dem ich arbeiten kann.</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row1"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>mary</b></span></td> <td class="row1" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 20. Nov 2004 17:01<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Hab noch was vergessen - ein Buchtipp: Krankheit und Heilkunde im Mittelalter von Kay P. Jankrift <br />Ist ziemlich gut - und läßt sich leicht und verständlich lesen - macht Spass!</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row2"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>mary</b></span></td> <td class="row2" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 20. Nov 2004 16:57<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Hier mal ein paar allgemeine Fakten zur Medizin im Mittelalter: <br /> - sehr vielgestaltig <br />- Anfang: beruhte auf praktischen Erfahrungen, die vorallem in Klöstern aufbewahrt wurden <br />- fußt auf der Antiken Medizin (bekannteste: Galen (theoretische Basis für ma Medizin), Hippokrates und... <br />....Dioschrides--> auf ihn geht die Humoralpathologie zurück (VIer-Säfte-Lehre), die im MA ziemlich wichtig war <br />--> 4Säfte(4 humoraes): Blut , gelbe Galle , schwarze Galle, Schleim <br />--> sind sie alle im Gleichgewicht, dann ist man gesund, wenn Ungleichgewicht (Dyskrasie) ist man anfällig für Krankheiten: z.B. schwarze Galle = griech. Melancholia --> zu viel = Melancholie <br />--> Aufgabe des Arztes: Säfte ausgleichen ( z. B. Aderlass) <br />- in Klöstern Aufbewahrung des WIssens + "Forschung" und "Pharmazie" (Kräutergärten) <br />- ab 12. Jhd. Konkurenz: Unis (beste & hochspezialisiert auf Medizin: Salerno, aber im 13. Jhd. von Montpellier überholt) <br />--> Studium: Humoralphatologie+arab. & griech. Medizin <br />--> solche "studierten" Mediziner verstanden sich als "Naturkenner", Physicis --> wußten zwar viel, wendeten es aber nicht "mit den Händen" an (Theoretiker)--> nur Diagnose! <br />--> Praktiker waren dagegen Ärzte <br />- Auübende Mediziner: medicis und Chirugen <br />- Zentralpunkt der Krankenbehandlung = Diagnose (Urin-, Blutbeschau....)--> wenn man es für einen hoffnungslosen Fall hielt, wurde demonstrativ das Uringlas fallen gelassen <br />- gab auch viele andere "Heiler" (nicht akademisch)--> vor allem Erstversorgung (Barbiere, Barber): Versorgung Knochenbrüche, Auskugelungen, frische Wunden, Starstechen, Zahnmedizin... <br />--> anderer Fall: Hebammen: Geburtshilfe lange Privileg der Frauen, nur wenn Chirugie erforderlich auch Männer zugelassen--> z.B. Kaiserschnitt <br />--> K.schnitt (sectio caesarae) hat lange Tradition: angeblich ist so Julius Caesar zur Welt gekommen!--> war sehr riskant: Mutter starb meist (von Kirche erlaubt: Kinds Seele gerettet: kann getauft werden) <br />--> älteste Nachweise für K.schnitt: Mutter schon tot--> Frühchen <br />--> gab auch "Brutkästen": Einbettung in frisch geschlachtete Schweine! <br />--> ab 15. Jhd. : an lebenden Frauen (besser "Überlebend" <br />- auch Hilfe bei seelischen Erkrankungen: Exorzisten, Geistliche... <br />- andere "mediziner": Heilige, Quacksalber, Magier, Volksmedizin... <br />Heilbehandlungen: weit verbreitet Aderlaß (Spezialist: Sanguinator, Venenschlager) <br />--> wurde nach Aderlaßfigur vorgenommen (Tierkreiszeichen + bestimmte Körperstellen)--> Gebrauch zur Bestimmung der Laßzeiten <br />--> gehörte auch dazu: Laßbinde, Laßeisen, Laßschale, Laßtraktate, Tränke, Salben... <br />- Wundarznei (Chirugie): bekannte Heilmethoden: Blutungen stillen (Abbinden, Abbrennen), Wunden nähen, Brüche schienen, Amputationen, Eiterbehandlung (allerdings wurde Eiter als etwas positives gesehen) <br />--> frühe Form von Anästhesie: Mischung aus Opiaten, Alraune, Binsenkraut, Wein--> durchtränktes Tuch aufs Gesicht <br />--> Trepanation (Öffnung der Schädeldecke bei "Wüten des Hirns"--> Kopfschmerz, schädelbruch...) <br /> <br />So ... das wärs erstmal. Wenn noch Fragen zu einzelnen Krankheiten, Hospitälern oder ähnlichem bestehen, einfach melden!</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row1"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>GoTo</b></span></td> <td class="row1" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 20. Nov 2004 13:29<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Da wir alle keine Mediziner sind, kann ich dir s´dieser Frage leider nicht beantworten. ich habe aber ein anderes Forum gefunden, welches sich mit Kräuter und Heilkunde beschäftigt: <br /><a href="http://www.travar.de/koops/pilgrims-rest/index.php?board=1078" target="_blank">http://www.travar.de/koops/pilgrims-rest/index.php?board=1078</a></span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row2"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>mehl</b></span></td> <td class="row2" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 20. Nov 2004 13:24<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: hey</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody"></span><table width="90%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="3" border="0" align="center"><tr> <td><span class="genmed"><b>mary hat Folgendes geschrieben:</b></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="quote">Was musst du zu dem Thema wissen?...hab grad ein Seminar und ne Vorlesung an der Uni zu sonem Thema gehabt</td> </tr></table><span class="postbody"> <br /> <br />also alles was du weisst sag mir das bin dankbar <br />-welche heilkräuter gab es damals? <br /> <br />danke ciao <img src="images/smiles/fruit.gif" alt="Tanzen" border="0" /> <img src="images/smiles/balloon.gif" alt="smile" border="0" /></span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row1"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>mary</b></span></td> <td class="row1" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 19. Nov 2004 20:41<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Was musst du zu dem Thema wissen?...hab grad ein Seminar und ne Vorlesung an der Uni zu sonem Thema gehabt</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row2"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>GoTo</b></span></td> <td class="row2" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 09. Nov 2004 18:07<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody">Vieleicht noch ein guter Link: <br /><a href="http://www.lehnswesen.de/page/html_medizin.html" target="_blank">http://www.lehnswesen.de/page/html_medizin.html</a> <br /> <br />Auch war das "zu Ader lassen" im Mittelalter eine weitverbreitete Technik.</span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row1"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>Gast</b></span></td> <td class="row1" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 09. Nov 2004 00:51<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: </span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody"><a href="http://www.zdf.de/ZDFde/inhalt/7/0,1872,2119527,00.html" target="_blank">http://www.zdf.de/ZDFde/inhalt/7/0,1872,2119527,00.html</a> <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX1.htm" target="_blank">http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX1.htm</a> <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX3.htm" target="_blank">http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX3.htm</a> <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX4.htm" target="_blank">http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX4.htm</a> <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX7.htm" target="_blank">http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX7.htm</a> <br /> <br /><a href="http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX8.htm" target="_blank">http://www.asn-ibk.ac.at/bildung/faecher/geschichte/maike/mittelalter/MaX8.htm</a></span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="22%" align="left" valign="top" class="row2"><span class="name"><a name=""></a><b>mehl</b></span></td> <td class="row2" height="28" valign="top"><table width="95%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td width="95%"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/icon_minipost.gif" width="12" height="9" alt="Beitrag" title="Beitrag" border="0" /><span class="postdetails">Verfasst am: 08. Nov 2004 20:31<span class="gen"> </span> Titel: Medizin im Mittelalter -DRINGEND-</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><hr /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="postbody"><img src="images/smiles/balloon.gif" alt="smile" border="0" /> Hey ya!! <br /> <br />Wer kennt sich mit Medizin im Mittelalter aus und hilft mir? <br />TOTAL DRINGEND!!!!!! <br />Denn ich muss Anfang Dezember ein Referat halten... <br />Jetzt is es nich´ mehr sooo dringend, <br />denn das Referat is´ erst am 2. Juni *gg* <img src="images/smiles/fruit.gif" alt="Tanzen" border="0" /> <br /> <br />Im Internet find ich rein gar NIX!!! <br /> <br />Help <img src="images/smiles/help.gif" alt="Hilfe" border="0" /> <img src="images/smiles/buschmann.gif" alt="Buschmann" border="0" /></span></td> </tr> </table></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="1" class="spaceRow"><img src="templates/subSilver/images/spacer.gif" alt="" width="1" height="1" /></td> </tr> </table>
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